IRS Form 3115 is a key document used by individuals and businesses seeking official IRS approval to adjust how they report income and expenses, allowing greater flexibility in adapting their financial reporting to changes in their business or tax strategy.

Form 3115 is used to request a change in either an overall method of accounting or the accounting treatment of specific items. This includes switching from cash to accrual basis, changing depreciation methods, or making adjustments required by new IRS regulations. The form allows taxpayers to comply with IRS rules when making such changes, ensuring consistency and accuracy in reporting.
These are two distinct filing tracks with different rules. For automatic consent, send only one Form 3115 per fax, up to a maximum of 100 pages, no user fee required. For advance consent, a user fee is required and paid through Pay.gov, and you can also mail the request to Internal Revenue Service, Attn: CC:PA:LPD:TSS, P.O. Box 7604, Benjamin Franklin Station, Washington, DC 20044, or submit it by encrypted email. Most accounting method changes qualify for the automatic procedures.
Which fax number applies to your Form 3115 depends on which consent track you're using, automatic or advance. Fax.Plus lets you send the duplicate copy straight from a computer, phone, or email to the right IRS office, with a timestamped delivery confirmation on file, useful given the IRS's own one-form, 100-page limit on automatic-consent faxes and the fact that neither track gives you any other confirmation of receipt.
Any taxpayer who wants to change their accounting method (either overall or for specific items) must file this form, especially when required or permitted by IRS regulations.
Most accounting method changes qualify for the automatic consent procedures under Rev. Proc. 2015-13, which require no user fee and let you fax the duplicate copy to the IRS National Office. Changes that don't qualify need advance consent, filed with a different office, a required user fee, and a separate secure fax line. Check the current list of automatic change procedures before assuming your change qualifies.
Not if you're filing under the automatic consent procedures, the IRS charges no user fee for those. Advance consent (non-automatic) requests do require a user fee, paid through Pay.gov, with the current amount set annually in the IRS's user-fee revenue procedure.
It's the calculation that accounts for the difference between your old and new accounting methods so income isn't duplicated or omitted. A negative adjustment (more deductions under the new method) is typically taken in the year of change. A positive adjustment is usually spread over four tax years starting with the year of change.
Often, yes. This is called audit protection: if you timely file Form 3115 under the automatic consent procedures, the IRS generally won't require you to change the same accounting method item for a tax year before your requested year of change, even if that year is later examined. It's one of the practical reasons to file the change formally rather than just switching methods on your own.
For automatic consent, the duplicate copy is faxed no earlier than the first day of your year of change and no later than the date you file your original tax return, and it must attach to that timely filed return, extensions included. For advance consent, the request is filed with the IRS National Office during the tax year the change applies to, before you file your return.
Changing an accounting method rarely comes up on its own. Here's what else comes up around IRS filings, tax elections, and third-party fax submissions.
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